{"entity":{"id":11203,"slug":"congress-s001148","name":"Michael K. Simpson","type":"person","role":"US Representative (R-ID-2)","description":"Michael K. Simpson is the Republican U.S. Representative (ID's 2nd congressional district). The platform has 5 voting records on file (2022-2025) and 140 verified facts on file covering this member's voting positions, financial disclosures, and stated platform commitments.","imageUrl":"https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Mike_simpson_official_portrait.jpg/330px-Mike_simpson_official_portrait.jpg","createdAt":"2026-04-20T04:56:41.977Z","updatedAt":"2026-05-24T19:26:59.108Z"},"electedOffice":{"chamber":"U.S. House","state":"ID","district":"2","party":"Republican","in_office_since":null},"significance":{"score":20,"components":{"totalFindings":8,"connectionDegree":8,"recentFindings90d":0,"activeResearchJobs":0,"goblinAttributions":4,"recentSyntheses90d":0,"moneyFlowChainsTotal":0,"closedLoopMemberships":0,"moneyFlowHopsRecent90d":0},"computedAt":"2026-10-16T01:34:31.424Z"},"facts":[{"id":50333,"text":"Simpson's vote for H.R. 1 in July 2025 represents the largest single deficit increase he has supported in his congressional career (1999-2025), based on CBO projections.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2025-07-03","source":null},{"id":37657,"text":"Voted yea_unverified on H.R. 1 (One Big Beautiful Bill Act (119th Congress)) on 2025-07-03: Simpson voted for legislation CBO projected would add $3.4 trillion to the deficit and cut $1 trillion from Medicaid and SNAP over ten years — directly contradicting his stated fiscal conservative platform. ID-02 has significant Medicaid enrollment among agricultural workers and rural families; rural Idaho hospitals operate on thin margins with Medicaid as a primary payer. His yes aligned with party but voted against the healthcare infrastructure of his lowest-income rural constituents and against his own stated fiscal principles.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2025-07-03","source":null},{"id":37654,"text":"[vote] Simpson voted for the One Big Beautiful Bill Act in July 2025, which the CBO projected would add $3.4 trillion to the federal deficit over ten years, representing the largest single deficit increase he has voted for in his 26-year congressional career.","confidence":"primary","dateOccurred":"2025-07-03","source":{"title":"Roll call: H.R. 1","url":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/119th-congress/house-bill/1","publication":"Congress.gov"}},{"id":37652,"text":"Simpson's 2024 cycle raised approximately $2.4 million. He faced a primary challenge in 2022 from Bryan Smith, funded by Club for Growth, reflecting tension between Simpson's appropriator-pragmatist positioning and the more ideologically rigid wing of the Idaho Republican Party. His fundraising advantage in that cycle reflected his institutional incumbent advantages from Appropriations Committee membership.","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":"2024-12-31","source":{"title":"Donor mapping evidence: Simpson's 2024 cycle raised approximately $2.4 million. He faced a primary chall","url":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/michael-simpson/summary?cid=N00006263&cycle=2024","publication":"FEC / handoff"}},{"id":37651,"text":"Agricultural sector contributions — including potato industry organizations, dairy cooperatives, wheat and barley grower associations, and associated agribusiness PACs — are consistent across Simpson's career, reflecting ID-02's status as one of the largest potato-producing regions in the world (Idaho produces approximately 30% of U.S. potatoes) and its significant dairy and grain production.","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":"2024-12-31","source":{"title":"Donor mapping evidence: Simpson's top career donor sectors are agribusiness, energy/natural resources, a","url":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/michael-simpson/industries?cid=N00006263&cycle=Career","publication":"FEC / handoff"}},{"id":37650,"text":"The Idaho National Laboratory (INL) in Idaho Falls — the nation's leading nuclear energy research facility and one of Idaho's largest employers with approximately 6,000 employees — is the most distinctive constituency interest generating defense and energy-sector PAC contributions to Simpson. His Appropriations subcommittee oversight of Department of Energy programs makes him a critical legislator for INL's annual budget.","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":"2024-12-31","source":{"title":"Donor mapping evidence: Simpson's top career donor sectors are agribusiness, energy/natural resources, a","url":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/michael-simpson/industries?cid=N00006263&cycle=Career","publication":"FEC / handoff"}},{"id":37649,"text":"Simpson's top career donor sectors are agribusiness, energy/natural resources, and finance/insurance/real estate, reflecting ID-02's agricultural economy (potatoes, dairy, grain), its significant hydropower and nuclear energy infrastructure, and its growing bedroom-community real estate market in eastern Idaho. His Appropriations Committee position generates substantial PAC contributions from industries he oversees.","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":"2024-12-31","source":{"title":"Donor mapping evidence: Simpson's top career donor sectors are agribusiness, energy/natural resources, a","url":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/michael-simpson/industries?cid=N00006263&cycle=Career","publication":"FEC / handoff"}},{"id":37648,"text":"Simpson has served in Congress since 1999 and is one of the most senior House Republicans. His career total receipts exceed $15 million. As a longtime member of the House Appropriations Committee — including service as chair of the Energy and Water Development Subcommittee — he is a prime target for defense, energy, and water infrastructure PAC contributions.","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":"2024-12-31","source":{"title":"Donor mapping evidence: Simpson has served in Congress since 1999 and is one of the most senior House Re","url":"https://www.opensecrets.org/members-of-congress/michael-simpson/summary?cid=N00006263&cycle=Career","publication":"FEC / handoff"}},{"id":50354,"text":"Club for Growth did not mount a significant primary challenge against Simpson in the 2024 cycle following his debt ceiling vote, despite having funded his primary opponent in 2022.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2024-11-05","source":null},{"id":37661,"text":"Voted yea_unverified on H.R. 7521 (Protecting Americans from Foreign Adversary Controlled Applications Act (TikTok)) on 2024-03-13: Simpson voted for TikTok divestiture legislation, aligning with the national security consensus across both parties. No significant cross-pressure is identified for this vote given ID-02's demographics and Simpson's profile — filing as a standard party-aligned vote without notable tension.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2024-03-13","source":null},{"id":37658,"text":"Voted yea_unverified on H.R. 3746 (Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023 (Debt Ceiling)) on 2023-05-31: Simpson voted for the bipartisan debt ceiling deal against opposition from 71 House Republicans including members of the Freedom Caucus who had primary-challenged him in 2022 with Club for Growth support. His yes aligned him with the governing pragmatist wing of his party and crossed pressure from the same ideological bloc that funded his 2022 primary opponent. This is one of his clearest documented party-defection votes on a major fiscal question.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2023-05-31","source":null},{"id":37655,"text":"[vote] Simpson voted for the Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023, supporting the Biden-McCarthy debt ceiling deal that included discretionary spending caps — aligning with the governing pragmatist wing of his party against the Freedom Caucus hardliners who voted no.","confidence":"primary","dateOccurred":"2023-05-31","source":{"title":"Roll call: H.R. 3746 (118th Congress)","url":"https://www.congress.gov/bill/118th-congress/house-bill/3746","publication":"Congress.gov"}},{"id":37660,"text":"Voted yea_unverified on H.R. 2617 (Consolidated Appropriations Act 2023) on 2022-12-23: Simpson voted for the omnibus appropriations bill as a senior Appropriations Committee member, crossing pressure from House Republicans who voted against it including Freedom Caucus members who had opposed him in his 2022 primary. The omnibus included significant Energy and Water funding critical to Idaho National Laboratory's operations — a direct constituent employment and research interest. His yes crossed party hardliner pressure while strongly aligning with his district's most distinctive federal economic anchor.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2022-12-23","source":null},{"id":37659,"text":"Voted nay_unverified on H.R. 5376 (Inflation Reduction Act of 2022) on 2022-08-12: Simpson voted against the IRA, which included significant agricultural conservation funding (approximately $20 billion in USDA conservation programs) and clean energy provisions relevant to Idaho's agricultural sector. The IRA's agricultural conservation provisions — including funding for the Environmental Quality Incentives Program and Conservation Reserve Program — directly benefit ID-02 potato, dairy, and grain producers who rely on federal conservation cost-sharing. His nay aligned with party but voted against a bill whose agricultural provisions had direct financial relevance to his primary constituent industry.","confidence":"inferential","dateOccurred":"2022-08-12","source":null},{"id":37656,"text":"[statement] Simpson has consistently opposed earmarks in their traditional form, surviving the House moratorium on earmarks enacted in 2011, and has publicly described himself as skeptical of member-directed spending that bypasses merit-based review — a position that created tension with his Appropriations Committee role.","confidence":"primary","dateOccurred":"2021-01-01","source":null},{"id":37653,"text":"[platform] Simpson has consistently described himself as a fiscal conservative committed to reducing government spending and the national debt, positioning himself as a responsible appropriator who funds essential government functions while limiting wasteful spending.","confidence":"primary","dateOccurred":"2020-01-01","source":null},{"id":37684,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: LDS (Latter-day Saint) population share: Approximately 25-30% (one of the highest concentrations outside Utah; concentrated in Idaho Falls, Rexburg, and Blackfoot areas)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37683,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Median age: 34.8 (below national median; large LDS family demographic in eastern Idaho contributes to younger average)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37682,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Homeownership rate: Approximately 68% (above national average of 65.5%)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37681,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Cook Partisan Voting Index: R+25","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Demographic anchor","url":"https://www.cookpolitical.com/cook-pvi/2023-partisan-voting-index/house-map","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37680,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Bachelor's degree or higher: Approximately 28% (below Idaho average of 30% and national average of 33.7%)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37679,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Poverty rate: Approximately 12% (near national average; higher in rural agricultural and tribal communities)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37678,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Native American population share: Approximately 2% (Shoshone-Bannock Tribes, Shoshone-Paiute Tribes)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37677,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Hispanic population share: Approximately 13% (concentrated in agricultural processing communities in Twin Falls, Jerome, and Gooding counties)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37676,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: White non-Hispanic population share: Approximately 77%","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37675,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Median household income: Approximately $60,800 (below Idaho median of $67,000 and national median of $74,580; rural counties significantly lower)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37674,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Ballot measure: Idaho Medicaid Expansion — Proposition 2 (2018) (2018) — passed, margin Statewide: 61% Yes — 39% No (including strong support in rural agricultural counties)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Ballot measure","url":"https://sos.idaho.gov/elect/results/2018/General/index.html","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37673,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Ballot measure: Idaho Proposition 1 — Ranked Choice Voting and Open Primaries (2024) (2024) — failed, margin Statewide: 30% Yes — 70% No","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Ballot measure","url":"https://sos.idaho.gov/elect/results/2024/general/index.html","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37672,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 31-33 Manufacturing (food processing — potato, dairy) (share 0.09)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37671,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 61 Educational Services (share 0.08)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37670,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 92 Public Administration (federal — INL and land management) (share 0.11)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37669,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 62 Health Care and Social Assistance (share 0.15)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37668,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 11 Agriculture Forestry Fishing and Hunting (share 0.12)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Dominant industry","url":"https://data.census.gov/profile/Idaho_2nd_Congressional_District","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37667,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Top employer: Lamb Weston (potato processing — multiple facilities) (3000 employees)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Top employer","url":"https://www.lambweston.com/about-us/our-locations","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37666,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Top employer: College of Southern Idaho (Twin Falls) / Magic Valley Regional Medical Center (2200 employees)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Top employer","url":"https://www.csi.edu/about","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37665,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Top employer: Idaho State University (Pocatello) (3200 employees)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Top employer","url":"https://www.isu.edu/about/facts","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37664,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Top employer: Eastern Idaho Regional Medical Center (EIRMC / HCA Healthcare) (2500 employees)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Top employer","url":"https://www.eirmc.com/about-us","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37663,"text":"[constituency_baseline] Top employer: Idaho National Laboratory (Battelle Energy Alliance operations) (6000 employees)","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":{"title":"Constituency baseline: Top employer","url":"https://inl.gov/about-inl/facts-and-figures","publication":"Census/BLS/SoS"}},{"id":37662,"text":"[constituency_baseline] District summary: Idaho's 2nd Congressional District covers the eastern two-thirds of Idaho, encompassing Idaho Falls, Pocatello, Twin Falls, and an extensive agricultural and wilderness interior. The district is defined by three major economic pillars: agricultural production (ID-02 produces approximately 30% of U.S. potatoes along with substantial dairy, grain, trout farming, and specialty crops), the Idaho National Laboratory nuclear research complex in Idaho Falls (one of DOE's largest facilities with approximately 6,000 employees and $2+ billion in annual federal spending), and a growing tourism and outdoor recreation economy centered on Sun Valley, the Snake River, and Craters of the Moon. The district is strongly Republican — Cook PVI approximately R+25 — and predominantly rural, with the largest city being Idaho Falls (approximately 70,000 population). Tribal nations including the Shoshone-Bannock Tribes of Fort Hall have a significant presence in eastern Idaho. The district has above-average agricultural employment, a large federal government sector tied to INL and land management agencies, and growing retirement and remote-work immigration from California and other expensive states. Simpson has represented the district since 1999.","confidence":"secondary","dateOccurred":null,"source":null}],"connections":[{"id":77262,"relationshipType":"donor","description":"$6,000 to Michael K. Simpson's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (3 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C70003108/","confidence":"primary","firstDocumented":"2026","lastDocumented":"2026","other":{"id":62112,"name":"International Assoc Of Fire Fighters PAC","slug":"fec-c70003108","type":"organization"}},{"id":77261,"relationshipType":"donor","description":"$6,000 to Michael K. 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Simpson's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00592089/","confidence":"primary","firstDocumented":"2026","lastDocumented":"2026","other":{"id":53011,"name":"Electing Majority Making Effective Republicans (Emmer PAC)","slug":"fec-c00592089","type":"organization"}},{"id":77249,"relationshipType":"donor","description":"$6,000 to Michael K. Simpson's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (6 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00546234/","confidence":"primary","firstDocumented":"2026","lastDocumented":"2026","other":{"id":53007,"name":"Leidos Inc. PAC","slug":"fec-c00546234","type":"organization"}},{"id":77247,"relationshipType":"donor","description":"$10,000 to Michael K. 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