[CAPTURE PORTAL] 119TH CONGRESS
Legislative Integrity Monitor
Goblin House Intelligence
Congress → Officials → Josh Riley

Josh Riley

Democratic · Representative, NY ·19

Josh Riley is the Democratic U.S. Representative (NY's 19th congressional district). The platform has 6 voting records on file (2025) and 45 verified facts on file covering this member's voting positions, financial disclosures, and stated platform commitments.

Score Components
50 MODERATE
Connection Density 20%
22 → 4
Donor Influence 15%
51 → 8
Silence Risk 25%
31 → 8
Contradiction Risk 25%
76 → 19
Intelligence Volume 15%
52 → 8
Constituency Deviation 0%
34 → 0
Voting Misalignment 0%
0 → 0
% = weight in composite score · Raw component 0–100 × weight = weighted contribution (→) · Sum of contributions = overall score. Hover a row for details.
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Cook Partisan Voting Index: EVEN / D+2 Lean
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: unemployment rate: 5.9%
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: foreign-born population: 7.35% (56,900 people)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: White (Non-Hispanic) population share: 81.7%
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: median age: 42.1
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: bachelor's degree or higher: 35.4%
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: homeownership rate: 70.0%
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: poverty rate: 8.5% (LegisLetter) / 14.5% (Data USA 2024)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: median household income: $73,134
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Ballot measure: New York Public Question 1 — Right to Reproductive Freedom Amendment (2023) (2023) — passed, margin 62%-38%
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 44-45 (share 0.11)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 61 (share 0.12)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Dominant industry: NAICS 62 (share 0.16)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Top employer: NYSEG / Avangrid (utility operations) (1200 employees)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Top employer: SUNY system campuses (SUNY Delhi, SUNY Oneonta, SUNY Ulster, SUNY Sullivan) (3500 employees)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Top employer: Cornell University (Ithaca) (10000 employees)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] District summary: New York's 19th Congressional District sprawls across the Catskills, Hudson Valley, Southern Tier, and Finger Lakes regions, encompassing all or part of 11 counties including Broome, Tompkins, Ulster, Sullivan, Columbia, Greene, Delaware, Chenango, Tioga, Cortland, and Otsego. Home to approximately 774,788 constituents, the district is predominantly rural and small-town…
[ Show full fact ]
[constituency_baseline] District summary: New York's 19th Congressional District sprawls across the Catskills, Hudson Valley, Southern Tier, and Finger Lakes regions, encompassing all or part of 11 counties including Broome, Tompkins, Ulster, Sullivan, Columbia, Greene, Delaware, Chenango, Tioga, Cortland, and Otsego. Home to approximately 774,788 constituents, the district is predominantly rural and small-town with pockets of college-town progressivism (Ithaca, home to Cornell University and Ithaca College). The district has a median household income of $73,134 — well above the $37,585 national median. The population is 81.7% White (non-Hispanic), with small Black (4%), Asian (3.6%), and Hispanic (7.3%) minority populations. The median age is 42.1, older than national average. The poverty rate is 8.5%-14.5% (varying by source), homeownership is 70.0%, and 35.4% of adults hold a bachelor's degree. Only 7.35% of residents are foreign-born. The economy includes agriculture and dairy farming, higher education (Cornell University, SUNY system), healthcare, tourism, and small manufacturing. The district has a Cook PVI of EVEN (R+0), making it one of the most competitive House seats in the country. Riley won the 2024 election with 54.5% of the vote after losing to Republican Marc Molinaro by 1.6% in 2022.
secondary ✓ Verified
Voted yea on S. 331 (HALT Fentanyl Act (permanently classifying fentanyl-related substances as Schedule I)) on 2025-06-13: Riley voted yea on bipartisan legislation to permanently classify fentanyl analogues as Schedule I drugs. He issued a press release touting the vote as part of a 'comprehensive push to combat the deadly crisis.' The vote illustrates his willingness to support tough-on-crime and drug enforcement…
[ Show full fact ]
Voted yea on S. 331 (HALT Fentanyl Act (permanently classifying fentanyl-related substances as Schedule I)) on 2025-06-13: Riley voted yea on bipartisan legislation to permanently classify fentanyl analogues as Schedule I drugs. He issued a press release touting the vote as part of a 'comprehensive push to combat the deadly crisis.' The vote illustrates his willingness to support tough-on-crime and drug enforcement legislation that crosses partisan lines — consistent with his moderate positioning on public safety issues.
inferential · 2025-06-13 ✓ Verified
Voted nay on H.R. 9745 (Government Funding Continuing Resolution — November 2025) on 2025-11-13: Riley voted against the Republican-led continuing resolution, which he had railed against before passage. The bill included cuts that he argued would 'walk rural hospitals off a cliff' and 'hold nutrition over the heads of hungry kids.' His district has a 14.5% poverty rate (Data USA 2024) and relies heavily on…
[ Show full fact ]
Voted nay on H.R. 9745 (Government Funding Continuing Resolution — November 2025) on 2025-11-13: Riley voted against the Republican-led continuing resolution, which he had railed against before passage. The bill included cuts that he argued would 'walk rural hospitals off a cliff' and 'hold nutrition over the heads of hungry kids.' His district has a 14.5% poverty rate (Data USA 2024) and relies heavily on Medicaid, SNAP, and rural hospital funding. The vote aligned with his broader opposition to GOP spending priorities.
primary · 2025-11-13 ✓ Verified
Voted nay on H.R. 28 (Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025) on 2025-01-14: Riley was one of only two House Democrats to vote yea on this bill, according to multiple sources. However, the Daily Freeman voting roundup for January 14 lists Riley as voting 'yes' — making this vote a notable potential party defection or a discrepancy requiring roll-call verification. The bill passed 218-206 with every…
[ Show full fact ]
Voted nay on H.R. 28 (Protection of Women and Girls in Sports Act of 2025) on 2025-01-14: Riley was one of only two House Democrats to vote yea on this bill, according to multiple sources. However, the Daily Freeman voting roundup for January 14 lists Riley as voting 'yes' — making this vote a notable potential party defection or a discrepancy requiring roll-call verification. The bill passed 218-206 with every Republican and only two Democrats (Cuellar, Gonzalez) in support per contemporaneous reporting. If Riley voted yea, it would represent another significant break from his party on a high-profile culture-war bill.
primary · 2025-01-14 ✓ Verified
AIPAC / United Democracy Project donor AIPAC and affiliated pro-Israel groups contributed $36,645 to Riley's campaigns.
Cornell University employment Cornell University, located in the district, is the top employer in NY-19.
Sua Sponte PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00894220/
Innovation For Good PAC donor $10,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (4 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00892901/
Rebuild America PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (4 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00881698/
Elect Dems Now PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (4 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00880062/
Democratic Majority Fund donor $10,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (5 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00844720/
Fight Like Hell PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00842104/
Budwinski PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (5 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00840462/
Chutz PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00834762/
Timber PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00833574/
Voice PAC donor $10,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (3 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00832758/
Great Chain PAC donor $7,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (3 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00832576/
Democracy Action Now PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00826297/
Jane Fonda Climate PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00806893/
Beyond Thoughts And Prayers PAC donor $5,500 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (3 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00786392/
Defend The Vote donor $10,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (3 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00764233/
Summitt PAC donor $6,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (4 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00762369/
Sd PAC donor $10,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00757419/
La Bamba PAC donor $5,000 to Josh Riley's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00753947/
BillVoteDateAlignment
An Act to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow early childhood… Yea 2026-09-16 unknown
Ratepayer Protection Act Yea 2026-09-16 unknown
Water Resources Development Act Yea 2026-09-16 unknown
PROOF Act Nay 2026-09-16 unknown
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United… Nay 2026-09-16 unknown
National Fraud Enforcement Division Act Yea 2026-09-16 unknown
Retire through Ownership Act Yea 2026-09-16 unknown
Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers… Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
Tax Relief for Fraud Victims Act Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills H.R. 9576 and H.R. 10326, providing… Nay 2026-09-15 unknown
Diesel Emissions Reduction Act Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills H.R. 9576 and H.R. 10326, providing… Nay 2026-09-15 unknown
Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes… Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United… Nay 2026-09-15 unknown
Whistleblower Protection Act Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
GUARD Act Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
Fostering the Use of Technology to Uphold Regulatory Effectiveness in… Yea 2026-09-15 unknown
National Wildlife Refuge System Invasive Species Strike Team Act Yea 2026-09-14 unknown
Local Communities & Bird Habitat Stewardship Act Yea 2026-09-14 unknown
Protect Economic and Academic Freedom Act Yea 2026-09-03 unknown
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require… Nay 2026-09-02 unknown
Protecting Domestic Mining Act Nay 2026-09-02 unknown
Providing for the condemnation and denouncement of socialism in all its forms… Nay 2026-09-01 unknown
To amend the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 to extend the time period… Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
In the matter of allegations relating to Representative Chuck Edwards Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
AGOA Extension Act Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
To amend the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 to extend the time period… Nay 2026-09-01 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills (H.R. 1501, H.R. 9436, and H.R… Nay 2026-09-01 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills (H.R. 1501, H.R. 9436, and H.R… Nay 2026-09-01 unknown
Local Access to Courts Act Yea 2026-08-31 unknown
Last contradiction analysis: Never
statement_vs_disclosure 90/100
Platform: "Riley publicly attacked Republican opponent Marc Molinaro in 2022 for receiving campaign contributions from the utility industry and 'letting them jack up our rates.' He has called NYSEG's rate hikes 'robbery, plain…
[ Show full platform position ]
Riley publicly attacked Republican opponent Marc Molinaro in 2022 for receiving campaign contributions from the utility industry and 'letting them jack up our rates.' He has called NYSEG's rate hikes 'robbery, plain and simple' and cross-examined NYSEG executives under oath.
"
Vote: on "Riley owns between $100,000 and $250,000 in the Fidelity International Index Fund, which holds…"
Riley has built his political identity around attacking NYSEG and its parent company for 'robbery' and profiteering at the expense of Upstate ratepayers, yet he personally holds up to $250,000 in a mutual fund that invests in Iberdrola — the very Spanish parent company receiving the dividends he criticizes. His…
[ Show full analysis ]
Riley has built his political identity around attacking NYSEG and its parent company for 'robbery' and profiteering at the expense of Upstate ratepayers, yet he personally holds up to $250,000 in a mutual fund that invests in Iberdrola — the very Spanish parent company receiving the dividends he criticizes. His opponent called him a 'hypocrite,' and the New Yorkers for Affordable Energy spokesperson noted he cannot argue 'profits flowing to Iberdrola are somehow wrong, but dividends flowing to you are perfectly fine.'
platform_vs_disclosure 60/100
Platform: "Riley campaigned as a working-class champion, stating 'Neighborhoods like the one I grew up in have been sold out by corrupt politicians and greedy corporations. I'm fighting back.' He ran against 'corporate PACs' and…
[ Show full platform position ]
Riley campaigned as a working-class champion, stating 'Neighborhoods like the one I grew up in have been sold out by corrupt politicians and greedy corporations. I'm fighting back.' He ran against 'corporate PACs' and introduced H.R. 4799 to ban corporate PAC contributions in federal elections.
"
Vote: on "Riley's top donors include elite law firms Boies Schiller & Flexner ($120,301) and Jenner & Block…"
Riley campaigns as a champion against corporate money in politics, even introducing legislation to ban corporate PACs, yet his top donors include elite corporate law firms, Wall Street, and lobbyists for a utility monopoly. His 'working-class champion' brand coexists with a donor base dominated by wealthy law firm…
[ Show full analysis ]
Riley campaigns as a champion against corporate money in politics, even introducing legislation to ban corporate PACs, yet his top donors include elite corporate law firms, Wall Street, and lobbyists for a utility monopoly. His 'working-class champion' brand coexists with a donor base dominated by wealthy law firm partners and financial sector professionals.
platform_vs_vote 60/100
Platform: "Riley campaigned on fighting corruption and described himself in September 2024 as believing the American-Israeli alliance is important while also arguing for a negotiated settlement for a ceasefire in Gaza."
Vote: on "In his first days in office, Riley voted for the ICC Counteraction Act (H.R. 23) to sanction the…"
Riley campaigned as a progressive who would represent the diverse views of his district — which includes Ithaca, one of the most left-leaning cities in America — yet his first two votes in Congress were for the Laken Riley Act (ICE mandatory detention) and the ICC Counteraction Act (protecting Netanyahu from war…
[ Show full analysis ]
Riley campaigned as a progressive who would represent the diverse views of his district — which includes Ithaca, one of the most left-leaning cities in America — yet his first two votes in Congress were for the Laken Riley Act (ICE mandatory detention) and the ICC Counteraction Act (protecting Netanyahu from war crimes prosecution). Both votes placed him in a small minority of Democrats and drew immediate protests, including activists disrupting his town hall and three arrests at his Binghamton office.
Last silence detection: Tue, 13 Oct 2026 00:32:42 GMT (via scheduled run)
party committees
Tompkins County Democratic Committee, New Democrat Coalition Action Fund (amounts: $5,000 (2024), $7,500 (2026)) — interest area: party committees
other / unclassified
Kidspac, Democrats Of Orange County Political Action Committee (Democ PAC), Tompkins County Democratic Committee, Occupy Democrats Election Fund, Sd PAC, Voice PAC, Fight Like Hell PAC, Elect Dems Now PAC, Rebuild America PAC (amounts: $5,000 (2024), $5,000…
[ Show full donor-interest summary ]
Kidspac, Democrats Of Orange County Political Action Committee (Democ PAC), Tompkins County Democratic Committee, Occupy Democrats Election Fund, Sd PAC, Voice PAC, Fight Like Hell PAC, Elect Dems Now PAC, Rebuild America PAC (amounts: $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024), $10,000 (2026), $10,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026)) — interest area: other / unclassified
ideological & single-issue
League Of Conservation Voters Action Fund, End Citizens United, Planned Parenthood Action Fund Inc. PAC, Moveon.Org PAC, Population Connection Action Fund PAC Pcaf PAC, Equality PAC, Progressive Turnout Project, Defend The Vote, Jane Fonda Climate PAC…
[ Show full donor-interest summary ]
League Of Conservation Voters Action Fund, End Citizens United, Planned Parenthood Action Fund Inc. PAC, Moveon.Org PAC, Population Connection Action Fund PAC Pcaf PAC, Equality PAC, Progressive Turnout Project, Defend The Vote, Jane Fonda Climate PAC (amounts: $6,000 (2024), $6,500 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024), $7,000 (2024), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024)) — interest area: ideological & single-issue
colleagues' leadership pacs
PAC To The Future, Impact, Build America PAC, Shore PAC, Midwest Values PAC, American Defense And Military PAC, Blue Hen Federal PAC, Beepac (Building Economic Empowerment PAC), Hmp, Purpose PAC, Progressives Advancing United Leadership (Paulpac), Off The…
[ Show full donor-interest summary ]
PAC To The Future, Impact, Build America PAC, Shore PAC, Midwest Values PAC, American Defense And Military PAC, Blue Hen Federal PAC, Beepac (Building Economic Empowerment PAC), Hmp, Purpose PAC, Progressives Advancing United Leadership (Paulpac), Off The Sidelines PAC, Puget PAC, Backpac, Doing Right - Results Action Unity Leadership PAC, Ca Luv PAC (California Leadership United For Victory PAC), Fair Shot PAC, Evergreen PAC, Blue Momentum PAC, Jobs, Education, & Families First Jeff PAC, Bridge The Gap PAC, Joining Ideas To Motivate Movement For You (Jimmy PAC), Leaders In Life Acting Cooperatively (Lilac) PAC, AmeriPAC: The Fund for a Greater America, Truth To Power, La Bamba PAC, Summitt PAC, Beyond Thoughts And Prayers PAC, Democracy Action Now PAC, Great Chain PAC, Timber PAC, Chutz PAC, Budwinski PAC, Democratic Majority Fund, Innovation For Good PAC, Sua Sponte PAC (amounts: $10,000 (2026), $10,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $6,000 (2026), $18,000 (2026), $9,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $10,000 (2024), $5,000 (2026), $6,500 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $6,000 (2026), $10,000 (2026), $10,000 (2026), $9,000 (2024), $5,000 (2026), $10,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $10,000 (2026), $10,000 (2024), $10,000 (2026), $6,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $10,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2026), $10,000 (2026), $10,000 (2026), $5,000 (2026)) — interest area: colleagues' leadership pacs
Tompkins County Democratic Committee Party committees $5,000 (2024)
Sua Sponte PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2026)
Innovation For Good PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $10,000 (2026)
Rebuild America PAC Other / unclassified $5,000 (2026)
Elect Dems Now PAC Other / unclassified $5,000 (2026)
Democratic Majority Fund Colleagues' leadership PACs $10,000 (2026)
Fight Like Hell PAC Other / unclassified $5,000 (2024)
Budwinski PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2026)
Chutz PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2024)
Timber PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2026)
Voice PAC Other / unclassified $10,000 (2024)
Great Chain PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $10,000 (2026)
Democracy Action Now PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2024)
Jane Fonda Climate PAC Ideological & single-issue $5,000 (2024)
Beyond Thoughts And Prayers PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2026)
TopicPriorityAlignmentDeviation
Agriculture and Rural Economy 85 40 55
Government Spending and Debt 75 45 40
Economy, Inflation, and Cost of Living 92 55 37
Social Security and Medicare 90 60 30
Energy Costs and Environment 72 50 30
Healthcare Access and Costs 88 62 26
Education and Workforce Development 65 55 20
Infrastructure and Transportation 70 65 15
Crime and Public Safety 80 75 10
Foreign Policy and National Security 60 70 10
Immigration and Border Security 78 70 8
Disaster Relief and Emergency Management 68 80 5
No platform commitments archived
No committee memberships recorded
Scoring Methodology

The Capture Risk Score is a composite 0–100 index measuring potential regulatory capture of elected officials. It is computed from seven weighted components:

ComponentWeightSignal
Contradiction Risk30%Stated positions contradicted by the record (recent findings boosted)
Donor Influence20%Distinct documented donors (FEC Schedule A PACs); inferred donors do not count
Connection Density20%Mapped relationships to lobbyists, contractors, interest groups; donor links excluded
Silence Risk15%Topics where donors have interests but the official is silent
Intelligence Volume15%Documented facts from verified sources
Constituency Deviation0%Shown, not weighted — a model estimate, not a record
Voting Misalignment0%Shown, not weighted — needs platform commitments almost nobody has; the roll-call record on /votes is the vote signal

Each component is the member's standing among all scored members of Congress, and the weighted sum is the overall score. Tiers are ranks: Critical is the top 5%, High the next 10%, Elevated the next 20%, Moderate the next 30%, and Low the rest.

Officials without at least 2 documented facts, 1 contradiction analysis, 1 voting record, or 1 constituency baseline are marked Insufficient Evidence and excluded from numeric ranking.

Contradiction findings from the last 180 days receive a recency boost. High-severity contradictions (score ≥ 70) receive additional weight.

Full methodology: /congress/methodology

[PUBLIC COST ESTIMATE]
Documented financial relationships span 0 money flow chains.
$5.7BDonor Contributions
0Money Chains
0Traced Hops
Calculation Methodology

Contract values are summed from documented money flow chains where this entity appears as a source or destination node. Amounts are drawn from USASpending.gov, FEC filings, SEC EDGAR, or LD-2 lobbying registrations.

Donor contributions aggregate documented amounts from the donor_interests table, sourced from FEC individual and PAC contribution filings.

Connected officials are elected officials in our database with a mapped relationship (lobbying, board membership, campaign contribution, etc.) to this entity.

Annualised flow represents the total documented dollar amount traced through money flow hops involving this entity. Where hop-level amounts are unavailable, the chain-level documented total is used as a conservative upper bound.

All figures are drawn from public filings. Estimates are conservative — undisclosed transactions, dark money, and vanish-point hops are excluded from totals. This is a minimum documented floor, not a ceiling.

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