[CAPTURE PORTAL] 119TH CONGRESS
Legislative Integrity Monitor
Goblin House Intelligence
Congress → Officials → Thomas P. Tiffany

Thomas P. Tiffany

Republican · Representative, WI ·7

Thomas P. Tiffany is the Republican U.S. Representative (WI's 7th congressional district). The platform has 7 voting records on file (2023-2026) and 63 verified facts on file covering this member's voting positions, financial disclosures, and stated platform commitments.

Score Components
55 MODERATE
Connection Density 20%
41 → 8
Donor Influence 15%
9 → 1
Silence Risk 25%
85 → 21
Contradiction Risk 25%
69 → 17
Intelligence Volume 15%
80 → 12
Constituency Deviation 0%
28 → 0
Voting Misalignment 0%
0 → 0
% = weight in composite score · Raw component 0–100 × weight = weighted contribution (→) · Sum of contributions = overall score. Hover a row for details.
Tiffany's '87% of hardworking Americans without federal student loan debt' rhetoric originated from a standard GOP messaging template. Sen. John Thune (R-SD) used identical language in a September 2023 press release, and the statistic derives from Federal Reserve data showing approximately 13% of Americans hold federal student loan debt.
secondary · 2023-09-05 ✓ Verified
Tiffany voted YEA on H.R. 1 (One Big Beautiful Bill Act) on July 3, 2025, which the CBO projected would increase the national debt by approximately $3.3 trillion over 10 years — a direct contradiction of his May 31, 2023 statement that 'Congress cannot keep mortgaging the future of our children and grandchildren' and his 94.44% Limited Government rating from the Institute for Legislative Analysis.
secondary · 2025-07-03 ✓ Verified
H.R. 3746 codified the end of the federal student loan payment pause, effective 60 days after June 30, 2023, and prohibited the President from extending the pause further. Tiffany's stated opposition to 'forcing 87% of Americans without federal student loan debt to pay for those that do' was directed at the bill's failure to repeal broader student loan forgiveness — not at the payment pause termination that the…
[ Show full fact ]
H.R. 3746 codified the end of the federal student loan payment pause, effective 60 days after June 30, 2023, and prohibited the President from extending the pause further. Tiffany's stated opposition to 'forcing 87% of Americans without federal student loan debt to pay for those that do' was directed at the bill's failure to repeal broader student loan forgiveness — not at the payment pause termination that the bill actually achieved.
secondary · 2023-05-31 ✓ Verified
The Congressional Budget Office scored H.R. 3746 as reducing projected budget deficits by approximately $1.5 trillion over the 2023–2033 period. Tiffany's characterization of the bill as adding '$4 trillion to our national debt' is contradicted by the CBO score.
primary · 2023-05-30 ✓ Verified
Tiffany voted NAY on Roll Call 243 (H.R. 3746, Fiscal Responsibility Act of 2023) on May 31, 2023, joining 70 other House Republicans and 46 Democrats in opposition. The bill passed 314–117. Tiffany was the only Wisconsin House Republican to vote NAY; the remaining five state GOP members (Steil, Fitzgerald, Grothman, Van Orden, Gallagher) voted AYE.
primary · 2023-05-31 ✓ Verified
Tiffany framed his opposition to Ukraine aid in explicitly domestic-economic terms as early as May 2022, stating 'working-class Americans are struggling to find baby formula at their local grocery store'—a rhetorical pattern linking foreign aid opposition to domestic hardship that pre-dated his 2025 SNAP cut vote by three years.
primary · 2022-05-10 ✓ Verified
Wisconsin's European Union export market was valued at $4.5 billion in 2023, the second-largest destination for state exports after Canada, with manufacturing representing 18% of WI-07's economy and agricultural exports including $617 million in record-setting dairy exports in 2022.
secondary · 2023-03-02 ✓ Verified
Tiffany has a comprehensive anti-Ukraine aid voting record earning an 'F' rating from Republicans for Ukraine, including votes against the 2022 Lend-Lease Act, the 2022 Ukraine Supplemental, and for three separate FY2024 NDAA amendments to reduce or eliminate Ukraine security assistance (Amendments 21, 22, and 25).
secondary · 2023-09-11 ✓ Verified
Tiffany was the only Wisconsin member of the U.S. House—of either party—to vote against all three April 2024 foreign aid packages: $61 billion for Ukraine (passed 311-112), $26 billion for Israel (passed 366-58), and $8 billion for Taiwan (passed 385-34).
secondary · 2024-04-20 ✓ Verified
Thomas Tiffany voted Aye on Amendment No. 22 to H.R. 2670 (Gaetz amendment to prohibit all security assistance to Ukraine), Roll Call 304, July 13, 2023—the amendment failed 70-358 with 149 Republicans joining all 209 voting Democrats in opposition.
primary · 2023-07-13 ✓ Verified
Tiffany was an active candidate for Wisconsin governor during the farm bill vote, having raised $2 million in his first reporting period (July–December 2025) and receiving Trump's endorsement in January 2026. His gubernatorial campaign materials included a slogan 'No Farmers. No Food. No Future.' while his farm bill vote cut food assistance that enables low-income Wisconsinites to purchase Wisconsin-produced food.
secondary · 2025-07 to 2026-04-30 ✓ Verified
Tiffany's farm bill vote formed the second link in a two-vote chain: his YEA on H.R. 1 (One Big Beautiful Bill Act, May 22, 2025) originally enacted the $187 billion SNAP cut, and his YEA on H.R. 7567 (April 30, 2026) permanently codified those cuts into the 2026–2031 farm bill authorization. He did not issue a press release explaining either vote.
primary · 2025-05-22 to 2026-04-30 ✓ Verified
Tiffany's WI-07 district received over $88 million in federal farm subsidies from 1995–2024, including $41,886,156 in dairy program payments to 1,517 recipients. The farm bill Tiffany supported boosted farm subsidies by $60 billion while cutting food assistance by $187 billion — a benefit-to-harm ratio of approximately 1:3 for programs affecting his district.
secondary · 1995-2024 ✓ Verified
Tiffany's WI-07 district contains 83,490 food-insecure individuals (11.7% of the district population) and 34,470 food-insecure children (21.5% of children), per Feeding Wisconsin's Map the Meal Gap data. His YEA vote on H.R. 7567 locked in $187 billion in SNAP cuts directly affecting these constituents.
secondary · 2026-04-30 ✓ Verified
Tiffany voted NAY on the Crawford amendment to allow SNAP recipients to purchase hot rotisserie chicken, one of only 35 House members to oppose the measure (out of 419 voting: 384 YEA, 35 NAY). The amendment passed with sweeping bipartisan support on April 30, 2026. Tiffany's NAY means his low-income constituents cannot use SNAP benefits for the cheapest ready-to-eat protein option at grocery stores.
secondary · 2026-04-30 ✓ Verified
Tiffany voted YEA on Roll Call Vote 154 for final passage of H.R. 7567 (Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026) on April 30, 2026. The House Clerk's official tally confirms 224–200 passage with only three Republicans opposed (Fitzpatrick, Hageman, Garbarino). Tiffany was among the 209 Republican YEA votes, representing 98.6% of his voting GOP colleagues. The prior 'yea_unverified' designation is superseded…
[ Show full fact ]
Tiffany voted YEA on Roll Call Vote 154 for final passage of H.R. 7567 (Farm, Food, and National Security Act of 2026) on April 30, 2026. The House Clerk's official tally confirms 224–200 passage with only three Republicans opposed (Fitzpatrick, Hageman, Garbarino). Tiffany was among the 209 Republican YEA votes, representing 98.6% of his voting GOP colleagues. The prior 'yea_unverified' designation is superseded by primary evidence.
primary · 2026-04-30 ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Veterans population: ~36,000 (largest cohort: Vietnam era)
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Cook Partisan Voting Index: R+27
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Foreign-born population: 2.25%
secondary ✓ Verified
[constituency_baseline] Demographic anchor: Race/Ethnicity — White (Non-Hispanic): 90.2%
secondary ✓ Verified
Donald Trump political endorsement Tiffany received Trump's endorsement in January 2026 for his gubernatorial campaign. His district's R+27 lean and 55% Trump vote in 2024 align him strongly…
Tom Barrett misattribution Note in data states that WinRed processed $499,704 for Tom Barrett's (MI-07) campaign in 2024 across 7,104 transactions, and clarifies 'this finding relates…
American Farm Bureau legislative alignment Tiffany advocated for the passage of the Farm Bill supported by agricultural bureaus.
Raptor PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00749481/
American Revival PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00639229/
Mike Gallagher For Wisconsin donor $10,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00610212/
Electing Majority Making Effective Republicans (Emmer PAC) donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00592089/
House Freedom Fund donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00552851/
Nssf PAC/National Shooting Sports Foundation donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (3 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00480863/
Huck PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00448373/
Charter Communications Inc. PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00426775/
Buckeye Liberty PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00366781/
The Home Depot Inc. PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00284885/
Automotive Free International Trade PAC donor $10,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00250399/
Northwestern Mutual Life Insurance Co Federal PAC donor $8,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (6 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00197095/
National Beer Wholesalers Association PAC (Nbwa PAC) donor $8,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (5 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00144766/
U.S. Israel PAC (Usi PAC) donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2026 cycle (1 contribution), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00127811/
National Association Of Convenience Stores Nacspac donor $10,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00126763/
Ocean Spray Cranberries Inc. PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00114702/
Air Line Pilots Assoc. International PAC donor $5,000 to Thomas P. Tiffany's principal committee in the 2024 cycle (2 contributions), FEC Schedule A line 11C. https://www.fec.gov/data/committee/C00035451/
BillVoteDateAlignment
An Act to amend the Internal Revenue Code of 1986 to allow early childhood… Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
Water Resources Development Act Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
Ratepayer Protection Act Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
PROOF Act Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United… Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
National Fraud Enforcement Division Act Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
Retire through Ownership Act Not Voting 2026-09-16 unknown
Diesel Emissions Reduction Act Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
GUARD Act Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Directing the President, pursuant to section 5(c) of the War Powers… Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Tax Relief for Fraud Victims Act Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Impeaching Donald John Trump, President of the United States, for high crimes… Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United… Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills H.R. 9576 and H.R. 10326, providing… Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Fostering the Use of Technology to Uphold Regulatory Effectiveness in… Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills H.R. 9576 and H.R. 10326, providing… Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
Whistleblower Protection Act Not Voting 2026-09-15 unknown
National Wildlife Refuge System Invasive Species Strike Team Act Not Voting 2026-09-14 unknown
Local Communities & Bird Habitat Stewardship Act Not Voting 2026-09-14 unknown
Protect Economic and Academic Freedom Act Yea 2026-09-03 unknown
Protecting Domestic Mining Act Yea 2026-09-02 unknown
Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require… Yea 2026-09-02 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills (H.R. 1501, H.R. 9436, and H.R… Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
To amend the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 to extend the time period… Nay 2026-09-01 unknown
To amend the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 to extend the time period… Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
Providing for the condemnation and denouncement of socialism in all its forms… Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
In the matter of allegations relating to Representative Chuck Edwards Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
AGOA Extension Act Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
Providing for consideration of the bills (H.R. 1501, H.R. 9436, and H.R… Yea 2026-09-01 unknown
Prison Staff Safety Enhancement Act Not Voting 2026-08-31 unknown
Last contradiction analysis: Never
reversal 90/100
Platform: "During his 2026 gubernatorial campaign, Tiffany criticized Wisconsin's 'billionaire loophole' in campaign finance laws, calling it a 'pass-through loophole' that lets 'so much money' flow into Wisconsin politics."
Vote: on "As a Wisconsin state senator in 2015, Tiffany voted for Assembly Bill 387 (Senate Vote SV0173)…"
Tiffany now criticizes the 'billionaire loophole' — a fundraising mechanism he is actively using to raise $40 million for his gubernatorial run — but voted to create that same loophole as a state senator in 2015. The Wisconsin Examiner noted he 'voted for the legislation that helped expand spending' and then declined…
[ Show full analysis ]
Tiffany now criticizes the 'billionaire loophole' — a fundraising mechanism he is actively using to raise $40 million for his gubernatorial run — but voted to create that same loophole as a state senator in 2015. The Wisconsin Examiner noted he 'voted for the legislation that helped expand spending' and then declined to clarify whether he regrets that vote. The reversal is directly tied to his current campaign's reliance on the same unlimited-money apparatus he denounces.
same_source_inconsistency 30/100
Platform: "Tiffany tweeted 'Weird. I was repeatedly told by Democrats that immigrants can't get welfare' in response to a Chicago Tribune article about 16,000 immigrants losing SNAP food assistance eligibility."
Vote: on "The Chicago Tribune article Tiffany responded to specifically referred to legal immigrants…"
Tiffany's tweet conflated 'immigrants' with 'illegal immigrants,' eliciting backlash because the Chicago Tribune article he responded to specifically concerned legal immigrants losing SNAP benefits. Both the tweet and the article it referenced come from the same secondary-source controversy coverage (Yahoo News /…
[ Show full analysis ]
Tiffany's tweet conflated 'immigrants' with 'illegal immigrants,' eliciting backlash because the Chicago Tribune article he responded to specifically concerned legal immigrants losing SNAP benefits. Both the tweet and the article it referenced come from the same secondary-source controversy coverage (Yahoo News / 2paragraphs), which editors should note for visibility downgrade consideration.
Last silence detection: Tue, 13 Oct 2026 01:18:45 GMT (via scheduled run)
Refusal to hold in-person town halls since January 2025
456d silent
Expected position: As the representative for Wisconsin's 7th District, Tiffany would be expected to hold regular open forums for constituents to ask questions and voice concerns, particularly given his active gubernatorial campaign. Wisconsin colleagues…
[ Show full donor-interest summary ]
Expected position: As the representative for Wisconsin's 7th District, Tiffany would be expected to hold regular open forums for constituents to ask questions and voice concerns, particularly given his active gubernatorial campaign. Wisconsin colleagues across both parties, including Rep. Derrick Van Orden and former Rep. Sean Duffy, have historically held town halls in the district. Evidence of activity on adjacent topics: WSAW reported on March 20, 2025 that dozens picketed outside Tiffany's Wausau office demanding a town hall. Tiffany had not held a public town hall since January 27-28, 2025. His office stated he would 'continue to communicate with my constituents in a myriad of ways' but declined specific invitations. On April 23, 2025, WAOW reported demonstrators formally invited Tiffany to a town hall, which he declined. 350 Wisconsin and NAOMI organized a 'People's Town Hall' on April 24, 2025, pointing out Tiffany 'has stopped holding public events and has declined numerous requests.' During this same period, Tiffany was actively posting on social media, issuing press releases, conducting private events, and campaigning for governor. Primary URL: https://www.wsaw.com/2025/03/21/we-want-town-hall-with-tom-tiffany-people-picket-outside-office/
Request to clarify stance on Wisconsin's 'billionaire loophole'
144d silent
Expected position: As a gubernatorial candidate who criticized the 'billionaire loophole' while having voted for the 2015 Wisconsin Act 117 that created it, Tiffany would be expected to clarify whether he now regrets that vote. Evidence of activity on…
[ Show full donor-interest summary ]
Expected position: As a gubernatorial candidate who criticized the 'billionaire loophole' while having voted for the 2015 Wisconsin Act 117 that created it, Tiffany would be expected to clarify whether he now regrets that vote. Evidence of activity on adjacent topics: The Wisconsin Examiner reported that Tiffany 'did not respond to a request to clarify his current stance on Wisconsin's campaign finance laws and if he regrets voting for the so-called billionaires loophole.' Heartland Signal confirmed he had been given an opportunity to clarify but remained silent. During this same period, Tiffany was actively fundraising and giving interviews about his gubernatorial campaign. Primary URL: https://heartlandsignal.com/2025/12/12/report-tom-tiffany-criticizes-campaign-finance-loophole-he-voted-to-enact-into-law/
Constituent-organized People's Town Hall on April 24, 2025
0d silent
Expected position: As the sitting congressman, Tiffany would be expected to attend a town hall organized by multiple advocacy groups on his behalf to hear constituent concerns about Trump administration policies, government cuts, and his gubernatorial…
[ Show full donor-interest summary ]
Expected position: As the sitting congressman, Tiffany would be expected to attend a town hall organized by multiple advocacy groups on his behalf to hear constituent concerns about Trump administration policies, government cuts, and his gubernatorial campaign. Evidence of activity on adjacent topics: 350 Wisconsin, NAOMI, Citizen Action of Wisconsin, and the North Central WI Central Labor Council held a People's Town Hall in Wausau. Organizers stated: 'Following a nationwide trend, Representative Tom Tiffany has stopped holding public events and has declined numerous requests.' The Pechko Perspective reported Tiffany 'has not held a public town hall since late January, despite constituents asking, pleading even, for the chance to speak with him directly.' Primary URL: https://350wisconsin.org/wi-7-peoples-town-hall-wheres-tom-tiffany/
colleagues' leadership pacs
Raptor PAC, Buckeye Liberty PAC, Electing Majority Making Effective Republicans (Emmer PAC) (amounts: $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024), $5,000 (2024)) — interest area: colleagues' leadership pacs
other candidates' committees
Huck PAC (amounts: $5,000 (2024)) — interest area: other candidates' committees
party committees
House Freedom Fund (amounts: $5,000 (2026)) — interest area: party committees
other / unclassified
Mike Gallagher For Wisconsin, American Revival PAC (amounts: $10,000 (2026), $5,000 (2024)) — interest area: other / unclassified
Raptor PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2024)
American Revival PAC Other / unclassified $5,000 (2024)
Mike Gallagher For Wisconsin Other / unclassified $10,000 (2026)
Electing Majority Making Effective Republicans (Emmer PAC) Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2024)
House Freedom Fund Party committees $5,000 (2026)
Huck PAC Other candidates' committees $5,000 (2024)
Charter Communications Inc. PAC Telecom & media $5,000 (2024)
Buckeye Liberty PAC Colleagues' leadership PACs $5,000 (2024)
The Home Depot Inc. PAC Retail & consumer $5,000 (2024)
Automotive Free International Trade PAC Transportation & auto $10,000 (2024)
National Beer Wholesalers Association PAC (Nbwa PAC) Alcohol, tobacco & gambling $8,000 (2024)
U.S. Israel PAC (Usi PAC) Pro-Israel groups $5,000 (2026)
TopicPriorityAlignmentDeviation
Federal Budget Deficit and National Debt 78 -20 55
Social Security and Medicare Protection 85 -10 40
Student Loan Policy and Higher Education Affordability 55 45 20
Infrastructure and Rural Broadband 76 55 20
Agriculture and Dairy Farm Policy 95 75 15
Education and School Choice 70 68 12
Tax Policy and Small Business 80 70 12
Energy Independence and Domestic Production 72 72 12
Veterans Affairs and Military Support 74 65 10
Border Security and Immigration Enforcement 82 88 8
Second Amendment Rights 75 80 5
Forestry and Public Land Management 88 90 5
No platform commitments archived
No committee memberships recorded
Scoring Methodology

The Capture Risk Score is a composite 0–100 index measuring potential regulatory capture of elected officials. It is computed from seven weighted components:

ComponentWeightSignal
Contradiction Risk30%Stated positions contradicted by the record (recent findings boosted)
Donor Influence20%Distinct documented donors (FEC Schedule A PACs); inferred donors do not count
Connection Density20%Mapped relationships to lobbyists, contractors, interest groups; donor links excluded
Silence Risk15%Topics where donors have interests but the official is silent
Intelligence Volume15%Documented facts from verified sources
Constituency Deviation0%Shown, not weighted — a model estimate, not a record
Voting Misalignment0%Shown, not weighted — needs platform commitments almost nobody has; the roll-call record on /votes is the vote signal

Each component is the member's standing among all scored members of Congress, and the weighted sum is the overall score. Tiers are ranks: Critical is the top 5%, High the next 10%, Elevated the next 20%, Moderate the next 30%, and Low the rest.

Officials without at least 2 documented facts, 1 contradiction analysis, 1 voting record, or 1 constituency baseline are marked Insufficient Evidence and excluded from numeric ranking.

Contradiction findings from the last 180 days receive a recency boost. High-severity contradictions (score ≥ 70) receive additional weight.

Full methodology: /congress/methodology

[PUBLIC COST ESTIMATE]
Documented financial relationships span 0 money flow chains, while 1 elected official holds documented connections.
$1.4BDonor Contributions
0Money Chains
0Traced Hops
Connected Officials
Calculation Methodology

Contract values are summed from documented money flow chains where this entity appears as a source or destination node. Amounts are drawn from USASpending.gov, FEC filings, SEC EDGAR, or LD-2 lobbying registrations.

Donor contributions aggregate documented amounts from the donor_interests table, sourced from FEC individual and PAC contribution filings.

Connected officials are elected officials in our database with a mapped relationship (lobbying, board membership, campaign contribution, etc.) to this entity.

Annualised flow represents the total documented dollar amount traced through money flow hops involving this entity. Where hop-level amounts are unavailable, the chain-level documented total is used as a conservative upper bound.

All figures are drawn from public filings. Estimates are conservative — undisclosed transactions, dark money, and vanish-point hops are excluded from totals. This is a minimum documented floor, not a ceiling.

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