Facts (23)
Data Freshness
Ageing
Last update: 165d ago · Avg age: 203d
Confidence Tiers:
Primary Source — cross-referenced government/corporate filings
Pending Review — sourced but not independently verified
AI Inference — analytical hypothesis from cross-referencing
✓ Verified Findings (18)
Independently re-checked: a second model read the source artifact and confirmed it supports the extracted claim.
✓ verified
Pending Review
Internal White House Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) memos from April 2026 identified Section 4(a)(11) as a 'structurally opaque provision' that had bypassed standard staff-level economic impact modeling during its committee markup.
Date: 2026-04-08
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
The Treasury Department's April 2026 FOIA denial formally acknowledges for the first time the existence of 'non-public technical assistance records' shared between industry-adjacent regulators and legislative staff during the GENIUS Act drafting phase.
Date: 2026-04-12
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
In April 2026, the Treasury Department denied a FOIA request for 'technical assistance' notes sent to Senate Banking staff, citing the deliberative process privilege.
Date: 2026-04-12
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
The official Senate Banking Committee Report (119-32) for the GENIUS Act omits all internal staff memoranda regarding the competitive impact of the $10 billion state-regulator threshold.
Date: 2025-06-15
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
Coinbase reached a deal with Senate Banking Committee leadership in May 2026 on Section 404 of the CLARITY Act to explicitly protect 'activity-based rewards' calculated by balance or tenure, effectively codifying the rewards model previously operating in the GENIUS Act's legal gray area.
Date: 2026-05-02
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
A White House CEA report in April 2026 estimated that the 'stablecoin yield loophole' in the GENIUS Act could result in a 0.02% decrease in total bank lending if not corrected by subsequent legislation like the CLARITY Act.
Date: 2026-04-08
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
The OCC's February 2026 NPRM proposes an 'anti-evasion presumption' that would treat yield paid by an affiliate (like an exchange) as if it were paid directly by the stablecoin issuer, targeting the revenue-sharing model enabled by the GENIUS Act.
Date: 2026-02-25
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
The OCC implementation NPRM released in February 2026 explicitly targets the Coinbase/Circle USDC revenue-sharing model as a potential violation of the GENIUS Act’s interest prohibition.
Date: 2026-02-25
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
In March 2026, Coinbase and Senate Banking Committee leadership reached a specific 'deal' on stablecoin yield language to resolve a standoff that had stalled the market-structure CLARITY Act.
Date: 2026-03-15
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
The GENIUS Act was signed into law on July 18, 2025, and includes a dual-licensing regime that allows nonbank issuers to be chartered as 'Federal Qualified Payment Stablecoin Issuers' (FQPSIs) by the OCC.
Date: 2025-07-18
Added: 03 May 2026
✓ verified
Pending Review
The bill structure tracks the high-level architecture advocated by the Coinbase, Circle, and broader crypto industry policy filings throughout 2023-2024.
Date: 2024-06-15
Added: 03 May 2026
Primary Source
S.4155 (the GENIUS Act) was introduced by Sen. Bill Hagerty on 17 April 2024 with Sens. Kirsten Gillibrand, Cynthia Lummis, and Tim Scott as original co-sponsors.
Primary Source
The GENIUS Act establishes a federal payment-stablecoin regime with reserve composition rules and a dual federal/state issuer-licensing structure.
Partially Corroborated
Senate Banking Committee markup of the GENIUS Act in 2024 occurred during a cycle in which the Fairshake PAC network spent heavily in primaries involving Senate candidates positioned to vote on the bill.
Partially Corroborated
The GENIUS Act explicitly preempts certain state-level money-transmission requirements for federally-licensed payment stablecoin issuers, advantaging incumbent issuers with the resources to pursue federal licensure.
Primary Source
The GENIUS Act establishes a federal regulatory regime for payment stablecoins, including reserve requirements and a dual federal/state issuer-licensing structure.
Primary Source
S.4155, the GENIUS Act of 2024, was introduced by Sen. Bill Hagerty on 17 April 2024 with Sens. Kirsten Gillibrand, Cynthia Lummis, and Tim Scott as original co-sponsors.
Partially Corroborated
The Fairshake super-PAC network's 2024 spending was concentrated in races involving members positioned to vote on the GENIUS Act and related digital-asset legislation.
AI Analysis (1)
AI-generated inferences derived from cross-referencing primary and secondary data. These are analytical hypotheses, not established facts — they are the platform's
read, not its
record, and the verification pipeline covers their provenance, not their truth.
Where verification stops →
⚠ flagged by Gemini
AI Inferencew·40
GENIUS Act filed filing with the SEC on 2026-03-09. Accession number: N/A.
All Connections (29)
co-sponsor
primary
since 2024
Lummis was a leading Senate co-sponsor of the GENIUS Act stablecoin framework.
lead-sponsor, primary sponsor
primary
since 2024
Hagerty was the lead Senate sponsor of the GENIUS Act. · S.4155 (the GENIUS Act) was introduced by Sen. Bill Hagerty on 17 April 2024 as primary sponsor.
shepherd
secondary
since 2024
As Senate Banking Committee leadership, Scott shepherded the GENIUS Act through committee markup in 2024.
original co-sponsor
primary
since 2024
Sen. Kirsten Gillibrand was an original co-sponsor of S.4155 (the GENIUS Act) when it was introduced on 17 April 2024.
subsequent legislation
primary
since 2024
A White House CEA report estimated the 'stablecoin yield loophole' in the GENIUS Act could result in a 0.02% decrease in total bank lending if not corrected by subsequent legislation like the CLARITY Act. Coinbase and Senate Banking leadership reached a deal on stablecoin yield language to resolve a standoff that had stalled the CLARITY Act.
PAC network spending influence
primary
since 2024
Senate Banking Committee markup of the GENIUS Act occurred during a cycle in which the Fairshake PAC network spent heavily in primaries involving Senate candidates positioned to vote on the bill.
PAC network spending influence
inferential
since 2024
The Fairshake super-PAC network's 2024 spending was concentrated in races involving members positioned to vote on the GENIUS Act; Defend American Jobs is part of this network.
filing recipient
primary
since 2026
The GENIUS Act was filed with the SEC on 2026-03-09 with accession number N/A.
industry advocate
inferential
since 2023
The bill structure tracks the high-level architecture advocated by Coinbase, Circle, and broader crypto industry policy filings throughout 2023-2024, which includes a16z as a major crypto investor.
voted_against
primary
since 2025
Bennet voted nay on S. 1582 (GENIUS Act for stablecoin regulation) on 2025-06-17 and introduced a separate STABLE GENIUS Act.
legislation_voted_for
primary
since 2025
Subramanyam voted for the GENIUS Act, described as 'very pro-crypto.'
voted_for
primary
since 2025
Biggs voted in favor of the GENIUS Act, a pro-crypto regulatory bill.
Legislation supported
primary
since 2025
Fong voted for the GENIUS Act on July 18, 2025, one of three pro-crypto bills he supported that day.
Legislation Voted For
secondary
since 2025
Voted for the GENIUS Act, described as pro-crypto legislation.
legislation supported
primary
since 2024
Mann voted for the GENIUS Act, one of his 5 pro-crypto votes.
Voted for legislation
primary
since 2024
Stand With Crypto confirmed Steube voted for the GENIUS Act as part of his pro-crypto voting record.
policy connection
primary
since 2024
The Fairshake network, including Protect Progress, concentrated over 80% of its 2024-2026 Democratic primary spending on candidates who subsequently co-sponsored the GENIUS Act or voted for the SAB 121 repeal.
lobbying target
primary
since 2025
Coinbase's policy team participated in markup negotiations for the GENIUS Act stablecoin framework, and Coinbase's Q1 2026 LDA filing lists 'Implementation of the GENIUS Act' as a primary issue area.
oversight
primary
since 2026
Tether launched USA₮ in March 2026, a stablecoin compliant with the GENIUS Act.
Legislative Impact
primary
since 2025
The GENIUS Act (S. 1582) became Public Law 119-27 on July 18, 2025, establishing the first federal regulatory framework for payment stablecoins, which materially expanded Circle's addressable market and enabled its revenue-sharing agreements.
legislative advocacy
primary
since 2025
Lutnick served as 'Tether's most prominent booster' on the GENIUS Act stablecoin legislation, yet no public record documents his formal recusal from Tether-related matters during that legislative advocacy.
oversight
primary
since 2026
BlackRock submitted a 17-page comment letter to the OCC on May 1, 2026, opposing a 20% cap on tokenized reserve assets and advocating for Treasury ETFs as eligible reserves under the GENIUS Act.
vote
primary
since 2024
Nehls voted for the GENIUS Act, contributing to his 'Strongly supports crypto' rating.
legislative_vote
primary
since 2025
Sewell voted yea on the GENIUS Act in July 2025, which was supported by 102 Democrats. Stand With Crypto rates the bill 'very pro-crypto.' The AFL-CIO opposed the GENIUS Act, arguing it would 'enable the crypto industry to operate without effective oversight.'
Legislative Support
primary
since 2025
Husted supported the GENIUS Act (Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for U.S. Stablecoins), stating he was fighting for pro-innovation, pro-worker, and pro-consumer legislation. This vote aligned with crypto-industry super PAC spending supporting him.
Legislation supported by entity
primary
since 2024
Hunt voted for the GENIUS Act, one of the major pro-crypto bills he supported along with FIT21, CLARITY Act, SAB 121 repeal, and the CBDC Anti-Surveillance State Act.
legislation supported
primary
since 2024
Balderson supported the GENIUS Act as one of his 7 pro-crypto votes cited by Stand With Crypto.
voted against legislation
primary
since 2025
Davids voted against the GENIUS Act stablecoin bill in July 2025.
competitor
primary
since 2025
Durbin voted nay on the GENIUS Act (stablecoin regulation) in June 2025, calling it a 'shameful' bill that 'enables the President and his family to continue owning, issuing, and profiting off of stablecoins.'
Sources (12)
2026
UNVERIFIED Research: GENIUS Act — Parliamentary records (no results)
parliamentary_record
Processed
📜 Receipt
2026
UNVERIFIED Research: GENIUS Act — Corporate registrations (no results)
government_disclosure
Processed
📜 Receipt
2026
UNVERIFIED Research: GENIUS Act — Lobbying disclosures (no results)
government_disclosure
Processed
📜 Receipt
2026
UNVERIFIED Research: GENIUS Act — Court records (no results)
court_document
Processed
📜 Receipt
2026
UNVERIFIED Research: GENIUS Act — USASpending contracts (no results)
contract
Processed
📜 Receipt
